Kwinkqubo enkulu yeshishini leoyile, isigqubuthelo seoyile sidlala indima ebalulekileyo.Umbhobho wentsimbiisetyenziselwa ukuxhasa udonga lwequla lemithombo yeoyile negesi. Yinto ephambili ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yokugrumba ihamba kakuhle kunye nokusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwequla leoyile emva kokugqitywa. Iqula ngalinye lifuna iileya ezininzi zekheyiji ngenxa yobunzulu obahlukeneyo bokugrumba kunye neemeko zejoloji. Emva kokuba ikheyiji ithotywe equleni, kufuneka i-samente. Ngokungafaniyo nemibhobho yeoyile kunye nemibhobho yokugrumba, yinto esetyenziswa kube kanye, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwayo kungaphezulu kwe-70% yazo zonke imibhobho yemithombo yeoyile. Ngokwendlela esetyenziswa ngayo, ikheyiji yeoyile inokwahlulwa ibe yimibhobho ekhokelayo, iikheyiji zomphezulu, iikheyiji zobugcisa, kunye neekheyiji zekheyiji yeoyile.
Abantu abaninzi badla ngokubhidanisa isingxobo seoyile kunyeUmbhobho we-API, kodwa kukho umahluko ocacileyo phakathi kwezi zimbini. Umbhobho we-API luhlobo lombhobho phantsi kweenkcukacha zokusebenza eziqulunqwe zaza zapapashwa yi-American Petroleum Institute, egubungela uluhlu olubanzi, kuquka iintlobo ngeentlobo zeemveliso zemibhobho ezisetyenziswa kushishino lweoyile. I-oyile casing ngumbhobho othile omkhulu osetyenziswa ngokukodwa ukulungisa udonga okanye i-wellbore yemithombo yeoyile negesi. Ngamafutshane, umbhobho we-API ngumgangatho, kwaye i-oyile casing ngumbhobho owenziwe ngokusekelwe kulo mgangatho kwaye unenjongo ethile.
Ibhokisi yeoyile ineempawu ezininzi ezibalulekileyo. Ngokwembono yamandla, inokwahlulwahlulwa ibe ziindidi ezahlukeneyo zentsimbi ngokwendlela enamandla ngayo intsimbi ngokwayo, sezifana ne-J55, K55, N80, L80, C90, T95, P110, Q125, V150, njl., ukuze ivumelane neemeko ezahlukeneyo zemithombo kunye nobunzulu bemithombo. Kwiindawo ezineemeko zejoloji ezinzima, i-casing iyadingeka ukuze ibe nokusebenza kakuhle kokungawi, ikwazi ukumelana noxinzelelo lwezakhiwo zamatye ezijikelezileyo, kwaye ithintele i-casing ukuba ingaguquguquki kwaye yonakale. Kwindawo enemingcipheko yokugqwala, i-casing kufuneka ibe nokumelana nokugqwala ukuze ithintele ukucutheka kodonga lombhobho kunye nokuncipha kwamandla ngenxa yokugqwala, nto leyo echaphazela ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kunye nobomi benkonzo ye-oyile.
Ibhokisi yeoyile ithatha indawo engenakutshintshwa kwimveliso yeoyile. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo okwahlukileyo, umahluko kwimibhobho ye-API, kunye neempawu zayo zonke zizinto ezibalulekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle nangokukhuselekileyo kwishishini leoyile.
IQELA LASEBUKHOSINI
Idilesi
Indawo yophuhliso lweshishini laseKangsheng,
Isithili saseWuqing, isixeko saseTianjin, eTshayina.
I-imeyile
Amaxesha okusebenza
UMvulo-NgeCawa: Inkonzo yeeyure ezingama-24
Ixesha leposi: Matshi-18-2025