NgexeshaKwixesha leSicwangciso seMinyaka emihlanu se-14, ishishini lentsimbi engagqwaliyo yelizwe lam liye laqhubeka phambili kancinci kwimeko yemarike enzima, loyisa imingeni efana nokuguquguquka kwamaxabiso ezinto eziluhlaza, ukukhula okucothayo kwemfuno, kunye nokungqubana korhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, kwaye lenze inkqubela phambili enkulu kumandla emveliso, kwinqanaba lobuchwepheshe, kunye nolwakhiwo lwemizi-mveliso.
1. Ubungakanani bomthamo wemveliso buhamba phambili kwihlabathi liphela, kwaye uxinzelelo lwemizi-mveliso lunyukile.
Ngokwedatha yeSebe leNtsimbi Engagqwaliyo le-China Iron and Steel Industry Association, ngo-2024,intsimbi engatyiwayo yaseTshayinaimveliso iya kufikelela kwi-39.44 yezigidi zeetoni, ukwanda konyaka nonyaka kwe-7.54%, okubangela i-63% yemveliso yehlabathi, oku kubekwe kwindawo yokuqala kwihlabathi iminyaka emininzi ilandelelana. Ngexesha le-"14th Five-Year Plan", uxinano lweshishini lentsimbi engagqwaliyo yelizwe lam luqhubekile nokukhula. Amandla emveliso adibeneyo amashishini aphambili afana neChina Baowu, iTsingshan Group, kunye neJiangsu Delong abangele ngaphezulu kwe-60% yelizwe, kwaye isiphumo sokuhlanganiswa kwemizi-mveliso sasibalulekile.
2. Ulwakhiwo lwemveliso luqhubekile nokuphuculwa.
Ngexesha le-"14th Five-Year Plan", ukulungiswa kwesakhiwo seentlobo zentsimbi engagqwaliyo kwilizwe lam kwakhawuleziswa.Phakathi kwazo, inani lentsimbi engatyiwayo yochungechunge lwama-300 linyuke ukusuka kwi-47.99% ngo-2020 ukuya kwi-51.45% ngo-2024, kwaye inani lentsimbi engatyiwayo yodidi oluphindwe kabini linyuke ukusuka kwi-0.62% ukuya kwi-1.04%. Kwangaxeshanye, uphando kunye nophuhliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemveliso yentsimbi engatyiwayo yelizwe lam zenze iimpumelelo ezintsha: ngo-2020, i-TISCO Stainless Steel ivelise imicu emincinci echanekileyo ye-0.015 mm; iQingtuo Group iphuhlise kwaye yavelisa i-duplex stainless steel engabizi kakhulu neyonga amandla i-QD2001; i-Institute of Metal Research, i-Chinese Academy of Sciences kunye ne-TISCO zidibene zaphuhlisa intsimbi engatyiwayo ye-316KD ye-nuclear power demonstration fast reactor yesizukulwana sesine; INortheast Special Steel iphuhlise imicu yeempawu zemagnethi ephezulu kakhulu, iikhoyili ezigqunywe nge-alloy ephezulu ye-A286 ezithatha indawo yokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe, i-HPBS1200 entsha yentsimbi engenasici enamandla okuqina kwemvula enamandla kakhulu yezixhobo, i-ERNiCrMo-3 yentsimbi engenasici eshushu kakhulu, iintambo zokuwelda ze-HSRD series ze-boilers ezintsha ze-high-pressure ezibaluleke kakhulu, kunye neebhari zentsimbi engenasici ezinkulu ze-316H zeeprojekthi ze-reactor ezikhawulezayo ze-600 MW. Ngo-2021, iJiugang yaphuhlisa i-6Cr13 yentsimbi engenasici ye-carbon ephezulu kakhulu ye-martensitic yeerazors eziphezulu, yaphula i-monopoly yangaphandle; i-TISCO yaphuhlisa umcu wokuqala we-0.07 mm we-ultra-flat steel stainless steel kunye nomcu we-stainless surface ongenguwo u-textured; iQingtuo Group yaphuhlisa i-tin yokuqala ye-ferritic stainless steel yasekhaya enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo yokuvelisa izinto ezininzi kwimveliso yepen tip, kwaye ukusebenza kwayo kokusika, ukumelana nokugqwala kunye nokuzinza kwe-inki kunye nezinye izalathisi zobugcisa zikhokela eTshayina. Ngowama-2022, imibhobho yentsimbi engagqwali ye-urea ye-SH010 ye-Fushun Special Steel yaphumelela isiqinisekiso se-EU yaza yafumana indawo yasekhaya; ipleyiti ye-TISCO ye-SUS630 yentsimbi engagqwali ebandayo isombulule ngempumelelo ingxaki "yebhotolo" yoshishino lwebhodi yesekethe eprintiweyo yelizwe lam; I-Qingtuo Group iphuhlise intsimbi engagqwali ye-QN2109-LH ene-nitrogen ephezulu yokugcina i-hydrogen kubushushu obuphantsi kakhulu. Ngowama-2023, i-TFC22-X ye-TISCO ecocekileyo kakhulu ye-ferritic iya kuhanjiswa ngamanani kwiinkampani eziphambili zeeseli zamafutha zasekhaya; izithintelo zengozi zendlela ezenziwe ngezinto ezintsha ze-Beigang ze-GN500 intsimbi engagqwali ziphumelele iintlobo ezintathu zovavanyo lokwenyani lwezithuthi; intsimbi engagqwali enamandla kwaye engabizi kakhulu ye-Qingtuo Group iya kunikezelwa ngamanani kwiiprojekthi zokwakha ezenziwe kwangaphambili. Ngowama-2024, iimveliso ze-aluminium ze-iron-chromium eziqulathe ububanzi kunye nobunzima be-lanthanum eziqulathe i-iron-chromium-aluminium ezikumgangatho ophezulu kwihlabathi liphela ziya kuqaliswa kwi-TISCO, kwaye izinto eziphambili ze-boiler zesikhululo samandla esiphambili se-ultra-supercritical power station key component C5 eziphuhliswe yi-TISCO-TISCO Steel Pipe-Iron and Steel Research Institute ziya kufakwa kwindawo yazo ngempumelelo. I-TISCO iya kuvelisa ngempumelelo i-foil ye-4J36 echanekileyo kakhulu ye-ultra-pure yeepleyiti zemaski kwaye ivavanye ngempumelelo i-coils ze-N06625 nickel-based hot-rolled alloy; I-Ideal Auto kunye ne-Qingtuo Group's eziphuhliswe ngokudibeneyo i-high-strength and stainless steel eqinileyo iya kuphuma kumgca wemveliso; Iprojekthi ye-Zibo Stainless Steel Application Innovation Base Project yaseTaishan Steel-iprojekthi yokuqala yokwakha eluhlaza eyenziwe ngokwezifiso ye-stainless steel epheleleyo iya kugqitywa.
3. Inqanaba lezixhobo zobugcisa likhokela kwihlabathi liphela, kwaye utshintsho olukrelekrele luyakhawuleza.
Okwangoku, izixhobo zobugcisa zeshishini lentsimbi engagqwaliyo zelizwe lam zifikelele kwinqanaba eliphambili lamazwe ngamazwe ukusuka ekungenisweni, ekugayweni ukuya ekuveliseni izinto ezintsha ngokuzimeleyo. I-TISCO Xinhai Base isebenzisa inkqubo ye-RKEF (i-rotary kiln-submerged arc furnace) + i-AOD (i-argon oxygen refinery furnace) esebenza kakuhle nekhuphisanayo kwihlabathi, yakha ama-2×120-ton AOD furnaces, i-2×1 machine 1-stream stainless steel slab continuous casting machines, yazisa i-2250 wide double-frame furnace coil mill yokuqala ehlabathini yokuvelisa intsimbi engagqwali, kwaye yakha ama-1×2100 mm + 1×1600 mm hot acid annealing units; iQingtuo Group yakha i-"hot rolling-hot annealing-online surface treatment" yokuqala ehlabathini yokuvelisa i-medium and thick plate. Ngokuphathelele imveliso ekrelekrele, umzi-mveliso wexesha elizayo weShangshang Desheng Group ufikelele kunxibelelwano olungenamthungo phakathi kwezixhobo kunye neenkqubo zolwazi ngeendlela zoyilo lwedijithali kunye netekhnoloji ekrelekrele.
4. Inkqubo yokwenziwa kweshishini lentsimbi engagqwaliyo kwilizwe lam iye yakhawuleza.
Ngexesha le-"14th Five-Year Plan", ishishini le-stainless steel yelizwe lam liza kwakha izityalo ze-nickel iron kunye ne-ferrochrome kwiindawo zemithombo ye-nickel-chromium. Iinkampani zaseTshayina ezifana neChina Steel kunye neMinmetals zityale imali kwimithombo ye-chromite eMzantsi Afrika, eZimbabwe nakwezinye iindawo. Ezi nkampani zimbini zinkulu zine-260 yezigidi zeetoni kunye ne-236 yezigidi zeetoni zemithombo ye-ferrochrome ngokulandelelana. Iiprojekthi ze-ferronickel zase-Indonesia ze-Qingshan Weida Bay Industrial Park, i-Zhenshi Group, i-Taishan Steel, i-Liqin Resources kunye nezinye iinkampani ziye zafakwa kwimveliso enye emva kwenye, kwaye i-ferronickel iye yanikezelwa kwimarike yasekhaya. I-nickel matte ephezulu ye-Qingshan Indonesia inikezelwa kwimarike yasekhaya kwaye iqalile imveliso yorhwebo ye-nickel ecociweyo. Uvavanyo olushushu lweprojekthi yokunyibilikisa intsimbi ye-stainless ye-Xiangyu Group eyi-2.5 yezigidi zeetoni e-Indonesia ibe yimpumelelo. I-Jiuli Group ifumene inkampani yaseJamani i-EBK eneminyaka elikhulu ubudala ukuze yandise ngakumbi imakethi yamazwe ngamazwe yemibhobho edibeneyo.
1. Ukuxhomekeka okuphezulu kwezinto zangaphandle kunye nemingcipheko ebonakalayo yekhonkco lobonelelo.
Imithombo ye-nickel sulfide ore yelizwe lam ithatha i-5.1% yenani elipheleleyo lehlabathi, kwaye imithombo yayo ye-chromium ore ithatha i-0.001% kuphela yenani elipheleleyo lehlabathi. Ngenxa yoku, imithombo ye-nickel-chromium efunekayo ukuvelisa intsimbi engagqwaliyo ixhomekeke phantse ngokupheleleyo kwiimpahla ezingeniswa ngaphandle. Njengoko imveliso yentsimbi engagqwaliyo yelizwe lam iqhubeka isanda, ukuxhomekeka kwayo kwimithombo ye-nickel-chromium kuya kusanda ngakumbi, nto leyo esongela ukhuseleko lweshishini lentsimbi engagqwaliyo yelizwe lam.
2. Ukuphikisana phakathi kokunikezelwa kwempahla kunye nemfuno kuye kwanda, kwaye inzuzo yeenkampani iphantsi koxinzelelo.
Ngexesha le-"14th Five-Year Plan", amandla okuvelisa intsimbi engagqwali kwilizwe lam aqhubeka nokukhula, kodwa izinga lokusetyenziswa kwayo lehla. Ekupheleni kuka-2020, amandla okuvelisa intsimbi engagqwali kwilizwe lonke ayemalunga ne-38 yezigidi zeetoni, kwaye izinga lokusetyenziswa kwamandla lalimalunga ne-79.3%; ekupheleni kuka-2024, amandla okuvelisa intsimbi engagqwali kwilizwe lonke ayemalunga ne-52.5 yezigidi zeetoni, kwaye izinga lokusetyenziswa kwamandla lehla laya malunga ne-75%, kwaye kwakusekho ngaphezulu kwe-5 yezigidi zeetoni zomthamo phantsi kolwakhiwo (olucwangcisiweyo) eTshayina. Ngo-2024, inzuzo iyonke yeshishini lentsimbi engagqwali kwilizwe lam yehla, isondela kumgca we-break-even. Ukubhanga kunye nokuhlelwa kwakhona kweJiangsu Delong Nickel Industry kunye nokuthengiswa kwezabelo zePosco kwiPosco Zhangjiagang yiPosco eMzantsi Korea zonke ziimpawu zengxaki yeshishini. Ukuze kugcinwe ukuhamba kwemali kunye nokugcina imveliso ezinzileyo, ishishini lentsimbi engagqwali libonisa imeko "yexabiso eliphantsi kunye nemveliso ephezulu". Kwangaxeshanye, amazwe kunye nemimandla egubungela ngaphezulu kwama-60% eemarike ezifunwa ngabathengi bamanye amazwe ziye zazisa imigaqo-nkqubo emininzi yokukhusela urhwebo lweemveliso zentsimbi engagqwaliyo zelizwe lam, nto leyo eye yachaphazela kakhulu ishishini lokuthumela ngaphandle intsimbi engagqwaliyo yelizwe lam.
3. Iimveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu zisafuna ukungeniswa kwamanye amazwe, kwaye amandla okuvelisa izinto ezintsha kufuneka aphuculwe ngokukhawuleza.
Okwangoku, iimveliso ezikumgangatho ophantsi zisabalulekile kwinxalenye enkulu yeemveliso zentsimbi engagqwaliyo zelizwe lam. Kwezinye iindawo ezibalulekileyo, umgangatho weentlobo zentsimbi engagqwaliyo usafuna ukuphuculwa. Ezinye iimveliso zentsimbi engagqwaliyo ezichanekileyo kakhulu zisenzima ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zasekhaya kwaye zisafuneka zingeniswe, ezifana neetyhubhu ze-hydrogen ezisebenzayo zobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye notshintshiselwano lobushushu.iityhubhu ezingenasici, imibhobho yenkqubo yobukhulu obukhulu esebenza nge-hydrogen esebenza ngobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu, imibhobho yentsimbi engagqwaliyo ye-urea kunyeiipleyiti zentsimbi engagqwaliyo, iipleyiti zokutshintsha ubushushu ezifuna ukulungiswa komthamo omkhulu wokuguqulwa, kunye neepleyiti ezibanzi nezityebileyo ezineemeko zokusebenza ezinzima zobushushu obuphezulu okanye obuphantsi.
4. Ukukhula kwemfuno akwanelanga, kwaye iindawo ezisandula ukwenziwa kufuneka ziphuhliswe.
Njengoko uqoqosho lwelizwe lam lungena kwisimo esitsha, ukukhula kwemveliso yendabuko kuyehla, kwaye imfuno yentsimbi engagqwaliyo iyancipha ngokufanelekileyo. Ngokukodwa, amashishini afana neelifti kunye neemoto abuthathaka kakhulu ekukhuleni kwemfuno ngenxa yokugcwala kwemarike kunye nokuphuculwa kokusetyenziswa. Ukongeza, imfuno yentsimbi engagqwaliyo kwiimarike ezisakhulayo ezifana nezithuthi zamandla ezintsha kunye nezixhobo zonyango ayikakhutshwa ngokupheleleyo, kwaye isantya sokukhula kwemfuno iyonke asanelanga.
Ngokwembono yamathuba, ishishini lentsimbi engagqwaliyo yelizwe lam okwangoku lijongene namathuba amaninzi ophuhliso.Okokuqala, kwinqanaba lomgaqo-nkqubo, ilizwe liyaqhubeka nokukhuthaza uphuhliso olusemgangathweni kwishishini lemveliso. Alizange lizise nje kuphela uthotho lwamanyathelo okuxhasa utshintsho oluluhlaza nolukrelekrele kwishishini lentsimbi engagqwaliyo, kodwa likwanyanzelise amashishini ukuba akhawulezise ukuphuculwa kwezobuchwepheshe ukusuka kwinqanaba lomgaqo-nkqubo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba eli shishini lifikelele kwimpumelelo ekugcineni amandla, ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa komoya, ukuphucula inkqubo, njl. Ngokukhuthazwa okunzulu kokwakhiwa okudibeneyo okusemgangathweni kwephulo elithi "Belt and Road", imfuno yokwakhiwa kweziseko zophuhliso eMzantsi-mpuma Asia, eMbindi Mpuma nakwezinye iindawo ikhule kakhulu, idala amathuba okuthunyelwa kweemveliso kwamanye amazwe kunye noyilo lwamandla emveliso kwamanye amazwe kwiinkampani zentsimbi engagqwaliyo zelizwe lam. Okwesibini, ngokubhekiselele kubuchule bobuchwephesha, ukuhlanganiswa okunzulu kobuchwepheshe bolwazi besizukulwana esitsha njenge-AI (ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa) kunye ne-big data kunye nemveliso yentsimbi engagqwaliyo kukhuthaze ngempumelelo eli shishini ukuba lihambe liye kwimveliso ekrelekrele. Ukusuka ekufumaneni ubukrelekrele ukuya ekuphuculeni uzinzo lomgangatho wemveliso, ukuya ekulinganiseni inkqubo ukuze kuphuculwe iinkqubo zemveliso, ubuchule bobuchwephesha buba ngamandla aphambili okuphucula ishishini lentsimbi engagqwaliyo kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwemveliso. Okwesithathu, kwicandelo leemfuno eziphezulu, amashishini asakhasayo afana nezithuthi ezintsha zamandla, amandla e-hydrogen, kunye namandla enyukliya aphumelele, nto leyo ebangele imfuno enamandla yentsimbi engagqwali esebenza kakhulu, njengeepleyiti zentsimbi engagqwali ezimelana nokugqwala neziqhuba umbane ezifunekayo kwiinkqubo zeeseli zamafutha, kunye nezixhobo ezikhethekileyo zokugcina i-hydrogen kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphantsi kakhulu. Ezi meko zokusetyenziswa eziphezulu zivule indawo entsha yemarike kushishino.
Ngokwembono yemingeni, imingeni ejongene nayo ngoku kwishishini lentsimbi engagqwaliyo yelizwe lam iphuculwe ngokupheleleyo.Okokuqala, ngokubhekiselele kukhuphiswano lwemarike, ukwanda okuqhubekayo kwamandla emveliso yasekhaya kunye nokukhululwa kwamandla emveliso angaphandle aphumayo njenge-Indonesia kukhokelele kukhuphiswano olukhulu kwimarike yehlabathi yentsimbi engagqwaliyo. Iinkampani zinokunyusa "imfazwe yamaxabiso" ukuze zikhuphisane ngesabelo semarike, zicinezela imida yenzuzo yoshishino. Okwesibini, ngokubhekiselele kwimida yezixhobo, amaxabiso ezinto eziphambili ezikrwada ezifana ne-nickel kunye ne-chromium anyukile ngenxa yezinto ezifana ne-geopolitics kunye nokuqikelelwa kwemarike, kwaye imingcipheko yokhuseleko lwekhonkco lokubonelela inyukile kakhulu. Kwangaxeshanye, inkqubo yokuphinda usebenzise intsimbi engagqwaliyo ekrwada ayikagqibelelanga, kwaye ukuxhomekeka kwangaphandle kwezinto ezikrwada kusephezulu, okwandisa uxinzelelo lweendleko zamashishini. Okwesithathu, ngokubhekiselele kutshintsho oluhlaza, imiqobo yorhwebo efana ne-EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) inyusa ngokuthe ngqo iindleko zokuthumela ngaphandle, kwaye imigaqo-nkqubo yolawulo oluphindwe kabini lokukhupha ikhabhoni yasekhaya iya iqina ngakumbi. Amashishini kufuneka andise utyalo-mali ekuguqulweni kobuchwepheshe bokonga amandla kunye nokutshintshwa kwamandla acocekileyo, kwaye iindleko zotshintsho ziyaqhubeka nokunyuka. Kwimeko yorhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, amazwe aphuhlileyo ahlala ethintela ukuthunyelwa kweemveliso zentsimbi engagqwaliyo zelizwe lam egameni "lemiqobo eluhlaza" kunye "nemigangatho yobugcisa", ngelixa amazwe kunye nemimandla efana neIndiya kunye ne-Southeast Asia ethatha ukudluliselwa kwamandla emveliso aphantsi kunye neenzuzo zawo zeendleko. Ngokuchasene nale mvelaphi, indawo yemarike yentsimbi engagqwaliyo yelizwe lam ijongene nomngcipheko wokuwohloka.
1. Gxila kwizakhono ezizodwa kunye nophuhliso oluphezulu
Iinkampani eziphambili zamazwe ngamazwe ezifana neSandvik yaseSweden kunye neThyssenKrupp yaseJamani bezisoloko zigxile kwicandelo lentsimbi engagqwaliyo ephezulu. Bethembele kwiminyaka yokuqokelelana kwezobuchwepheshe, bakhe imiqobo yobugcisa kwiindawo zemarike ezifana nentsimbi engagqwaliyo engamelaniyo nemisebe yezixhobo zamandla enyukliya kunye nezixhobo ezikhaphukhaphu ezinamandla aphezulu zeenqwelo moya. Ukusebenza kwemveliso yabo kunye nemigangatho yenkqubo kudala ilawula intetho yemarike yehlabathi. Nangona ilizwe lam likwisikhundla esiphambili kwihlabathi liphela kubungakanani bomthamo wemveliso yentsimbi engagqwaliyo, kusekho umsantsa omkhulu wokubonelela kwimarike ephezulu. Kule meko, ilizwe lam kufuneka likhokele amashishini aphambili aneziseko eziqinileyo kunye neenkqubo ze-R&D eziqinileyo ukukhawulezisa utshintsho oluya "kwingcali, ukuchaneka kunye nokuvelisa izinto ezintsha". Ngenkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo kunye nokuthambekela kwezixhobo zemarike, kufuneka sikhuthaze amashishini ukuba enze iimpumelelo kwintsimbi engagqwaliyo ephezulu kunye namanye amacandelo angaphantsi, kwaye sonyuse ixabiso elongezelelweyo lemveliso ngezakhono zobungcali ze-R&D; siqinisekise uzinzo lomgangatho ngolawulo lwemveliso olucociweyo, kwaye sakhe iingenelo ezahlukeneyo zokhuphiswano ezisekelwe kwiindlela zobugcisa eziphawulekayo, kwaye ekugqibeleni sibe kwindawo enenzuzo ngakumbi kuthotho lweshishini lentsimbi engagqwaliyo ephezulu yehlabathi.
2.Qinisa inkqubo yokuvelisa izinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe
Iinkampani zaseJapan ezifana neJFE kunye neNippon Steel ziye zakha amandla okuphindaphinda ubuchwepheshe ngokuqhubekayo ngokwakha inkqubo yokuvelisa izinto ezintsha epheleleyo "yophuhliso lophando-isicelo-uphuhliso lwemizi-mveliso". Utyalo-mali lwabo lwe-R&D sele lungaphezulu kwe-3%, luqinisekisa ubunkokeli babo kwezobuchwepheshe kwicandelo lezinto zentsimbi engagqwaliyo eziphezulu. Ishishini lentsimbi engagqwaliyo lelizwe lam liseneziphene kubuchwepheshe obuphambili obufana nokunyibilikisa okucocekileyo okuphezulu kunye nokubumba ngokuchanekileyo. Kufuneka inyuse kakhulu amandla otyalo-mali lwe-R&D, ithembele kumashishini aphambili ukudibanisa iiyunivesithi, amaziko ophando kunye nabasebenzisi abasezantsi, yakhe iqonga lokuvelisa izinto ezintsha elisebenzisanayo kushishino, kwimfundo ephakamileyo, kuphando nakwisicelo, igxile kwiindawo eziphambili ezifana nezixhobo ezichasene nokusingqongileyo kakhulu kunye neenkqubo zokuvelisa ezikrelekrele, yenze uphando oludibeneyo, iphule ulawulo lobuchwepheshe bangaphandle, kwaye ifezekise utshintsho ukusuka "kubunkokeli besikali" ukuya "kubunkokeli betekhnoloji".
3. Lungiselela ulwakhiwo lwemizi-mveliso kwaye uqinise ulungelelwaniso
Ngokudibana okuqhubekayo kunye nokuhlelwa ngokutsha, iinkampani zaseYurophu naseMelika zentsimbi engagqwali azizange zilungiselele kuphela ulwakhiwo lwamandla emveliso yengingqi, kodwa zakha nenkqubo yezoshishino esebenzisanayo neyasezantsi egubungela izixhobo zemigodi, ukunyibilikisa kunye nokucubungula, kunye nezicelo zesiphelo, ziphucula ngokufanelekileyo uzinzo lwekhonkco lokubonelela kunye nokukwazi ukulawula iindleko. Nangona kunjalo, ishishini lentsimbi engagqwali lelizwe lam lineengxaki zomthamo wemveliso osasazekileyo kunye nokungalungelelanisi okwaneleyo kwesiseko kunye nesasezantsi. Ilizwe lam kufuneka likhokele amashishini akhokelayo ukuba anike indima kwisiphumo sokudibanisa, kwaye akhuthaze ukwakhiwa kwekhonkco lezoshishino elidibeneyo "lokuthengwa kwezinto eziluhlaza-ukunyibilikisa kunye nokuveliswa-ukusetyenziswa okunzulu kwesiseko-sesiphelo" ngokusebenzisa ukusebenza kwemali kunye nentsebenziswano yobugcisa. Kwangaxeshanye, yomeleza ulungelelwaniso olucwangcisiweyo namazwe anemithombo yezimbiwa ze-nickel-chromium, ababoneleli bezixhobo kunye namashishini asezantsi ukuze benze ipateni yophuhliso olukhulu nolunamandla lwemizi-mveliso.
4. Khuthaza uphuhliso oluluhlaza nolunekhabhoni ephantsi
Ngokusetyenziswa kakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe obuluhlaza ezifana nokurisayikilisha ngokufanelekileyo intsimbi elahliweyo (izinga lokusetyenziswa lidlula i-60%) kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla ngendlela engaqhelekanga (ukuveliswa kwamandla obushushu obumdaka kubalelwa kwi-15%), amandla okukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kwamashishini e-EU ensimbi engagqwaliyo angaphantsi kwama-20% kunomndilili wehlabathi, kwaye athathe inyathelo kwimigaqo-nkqubo yorhwebo efana nendlela yokulungisa umda wekhabhoni ye-EU. Ijongene noxinzelelo oluphindwe kabini lwenjongo "yekhabhoni ephindwe kabini" kunye nemiqobo yorhwebo oluluhlaza lwamazwe ngamazwe, ilizwe lam kufuneka likhawulezise uphando kunye nophuhliso lweenkqubo zekhabhoni esezantsi, kwaye kwangaxeshanye liseke inkqubo yokubala i-carbon footprint egubungela umjikelo wobomi bonke, lidibanise imigangatho yokuvelisa eluhlaza kulo lonke uthotho olufana nokuthengwa kwezinto eziluhlaza, imveliso kunye nokucutshungulwa, uthutho kunye nokuthuthwa, kunye nokuphucula ukhuphiswano lwemarike yamazwe ngamazwe ngokuqinisekiswa kwemveliso eluhlaza kunye nokusebenza kweeasethi zekhabhoni.
5. Ukuphucula ilizwi lemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe
Okwangoku, ulawulo lwenkqubo yemigangatho yentsimbi engagqwaliyo yamazwe ngamazwe lusezandleni zeenkampani zaseYurophu naseMelika, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kubekho imiqobo yobuchwephesha rhoqo ekuthunyelweni kwamanye amazwe kweemveliso zentsimbi engagqwaliyo zelizwe lam. Ilizwe lam kufuneka lixhase imibutho yemizi-mveliso kunye namashishini akhokelayo ukuba athathe inxaxheba ngokukhutheleyo kumsebenzi we-International Organisation for Standardization, liguqule ubugcisa belizwe lam kwiinkalo zentsimbi engagqwaliyo enqabileyo, ii-alloys ezimelana nokugqwala, njl. zibe yimigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe, likhuthaze ukusetyenziswa kunye nokubonakaliswa "kwemigangatho yaseTshayina" kumazwe nakwimimandla ejikeleze "iBelt and Road", kwaye liphucule ilizwi leshishini lentsimbi engagqwaliyo yelizwe lam kwikhonkco lemizi-mveliso yehlabathi ngokusebenzisa imveliso esemgangathweni, liphule ukuzimela okuqhelekileyo kwamazwe aseYurophu naseMelika.
I-Royal Steel Co., Ltd. lishishini lanamhlanje elidibanisa iinkonzo zemveliso yentsimbi, ukucubungula, ukuthengisa kunye nezothutho. Ikomkhulu layo liseTianjin, le nkampani inezixhobo zemveliso eziphambili, iqela lobuchwephesha lobuchwephesha kunye nenkqubo epheleleyo yolawulo lomgangatho, kwaye izimisele ukubonelela abathengi ngeemveliso zentsimbi ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunye nezisombululo ezibanzi. Sithengisa ikakhulu iikhoyili ezigoqwe ngobushushu, iipleyiti ezigoqwe ngobushushu, iipleyiti ze-galvanized, intsimbi engatyiwayo, i-rebar, iintambo zentsimbi kunye nezinye iimveliso zentsimbi, ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ekwakheni, ekuveliseni oomatshini, kwiimoto, kwizixhobo zasekhaya, kumandla nakwamanye amashishini. Nika iinkonzo zokucubungula ezenzelwe wena ezifana nokusika, ukugoba, ukuwelda, kunye nokutshiza ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zabathengi. Ngenkqubo yokugcina impahla kunye nezothutho ezisebenzayo, qinisekisa ukuba iimveliso zisiwa kubathengi ngexesha elifanelekileyo nangendlela ekhuselekileyo.
I-Royal Steel Co., Ltd. ibisoloko ithatha "ubuchule, umgangatho, kunye noxanduva" njengezona zinto zibalulekileyo, iqhubeka nokuphucula ulwakhiwo lweshishini, kwaye ikhuthaza ngenkuthalo uphuhliso oluluhlaza lweshishini. Kwixesha elizayo, siza kuqhubeka sisebenzisana namaqabane asekhaya nakwamanye amazwe ukuze kubekho impumelelo kuwo onke amaqela kwaye sibe negalelo kuphuhliso lweshishini lehlabathi!
IQELA LASEBUKHOSINI
Idilesi
Indawo yophuhliso lweshishini laseKangsheng,
Isithili saseWuqing, isixeko saseTianjin, eTshayina.
I-imeyile
Amaxesha okusebenza
UMvulo-NgeCawa: Inkonzo yeeyure ezingama-24
Ixesha leposi: Julayi-23-2025